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Studies on the ichthyofauna of the coastal waters of Ibiza (Balearic Islands, Spain)


Abstracto. Durante varios muestreos en la Isla Balear de Ibiza (España), cada una realizada en primavera y en otoño del 1998 hasta 2007, estudios extensivos  de la estructura, la diversidad y la écología de la ichtiofauna de la región fueron  efectuados.
Observaciones ichtiofaunísticas se realizaron en los meses de marzo, abril,  septiembre y octubre buceando en las aguas litorales (hasta 40 metros de  profundidad). Las observaciones incluyeron sustratos arenosos y rocosos, que mostraron varios grados de exposicíon al sol y oleaje. Además matas de Posidonia oceanica  fueron muestreadas. En total hemos descubierto 130 especies de peces marinos distribuídos en 43 familias. La mayor diversidad se mostró en Gobiidae con 20 especies, seguido por los Blenniidae con 15 especies, por los Labridae con 14 especies y por los Sparidae con 11 especie. Tambien se observaron algunas especies conocidas como raras en el alto infralitoral, cano por ejemplo Zeus faber.
Además de proveer una lista de especies a nivel estandardizado, presentamos datos interesantes aut- y sinecológicos de la mayoría de los peces encontrados. Hemos dado atención especial a las asociaciones de especies de peces, tanto entre ellos como con respecto a las relaciones entre peces e invertebrados. En
algunos casos observamos una frecuencia disminuída de especies de peces   31 (por ejemplo en  Parablennius pilicornis y Scartella cristata) de las costas de Ibiza en los últimos años. Esos procesos podrían ser causados por una aumenta de temperatura en las aguas occidentales del Mar Mediterráneo. También es posible que hayan desaparecido los recursos de alimentacíon (posiblemente a causa de una extención de un invasor lessepsiano, la alga roja Lophocladia lallemandii) resultando en cambios de composición de la fauna de
blenniidos.
Key words: Mediterranean Sea, Ibiza, fish, diversity, zoogeography, ecology, associations, Lophocladia




FISCHER ST., PATZNER R. A., MÜLLER C. H.G. & H. M. WINKLER (2007) Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 18
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